* How to print %65 Polyester / %35 Cotton fabric at same time with Disperse and Reactive dyes?

Reactive dyes:All Reaktoset P dyes and Setazol TMS, DPT, Deep Black NG can be used.

Dispers dyes :You can use all disperse dyes in Setapers P range except Setapers Navy Blue P3RT, Green P6B.

While you are calculating recipe, %10 should be added according to mixture:

Example : If the fabric is % 60 PES, % 40 Cotton:

According to required 100% color, reactive and disperse recipe should be calculated as following:

PES : ( % 60+% 10 ) so consider as % 70
Cotton : ( % 40+% 10 ) so consider as % 50

Printing paste :

Setalgin LV :35 gr/kg
Setaprint RST :10 gr/kg
Soda ash :2 gr/kg
Sodyum Bicarbonate :10 gr/kg
Setaprint AP :2 gr/kg
Setaprint NDG :10 gr/kg
Water X

pH : approx. 8,5

Fixation at 175 C, 8-9 minutes

Washing : 1.-2. Bath cold water, 2 gr/l Soda , 1 gr/l Setawash EWA ( or 3 gr/lt Setalan SW-N ). It should be washed until color of water became clean with overflow rinsing.

3. Bath ; 50 C , 2 gr/l Soda , 2 gr/l Setawash EWA ,

4. Bath ; 70 C , 2 gr/l Soda , 2 gr/l Setawash EWA ,

5. Bath ; 70 C hot rinsing ,

6. Bath ; cold rinsing with A.Acid.

* What is Lyocell?

Lyocell is a fabric most know better by its brand name Tencel®. It has a soft finish, packs light and is made from cellulose (vegetable matter), or wood pulp. This pulp may be a mix of hardwood trees like oak and birch, although Tencel® branded lyocell is made from eucalyptus trees. This makes it a natural fabric, and it is noted for its durability and strength, in addition to its eco-friendly manufacturing techniques.

The first fabrics made with wood pulp were made as far back as the mid 19th century. They were not universally accepted or very profitable. At the end of the 19th century, a method for creating rayon out of wood cellulose became popular, and rayon became one of the first manmade fibers, as a silk substitute, and an inspiration to later produce lyocell. Success of rayon particularly in the latter 20th century fueled interest in making other products from wood pulp.

Lyocell is made by chipping wood, breaking down the wood fibers with the non-toxic chemical amine oxide, and then placing the material in a spinneret. The spinneret produces long fibers, which are then dried and woven into cloth. The company Lenzing Fibers Inc. is the manufacturer of the Tencel® fibers — the only company in the US that currently makes these fibers.



Other companies throughout the world do make lyocell, and though you might commonly associate the material with fabrics for clothing, there are several other uses for lyocell. Since the fabric is durable, it’s been used for items like conveyor belts and for special bandages in the medical field. The manufacturing process for lyocell is more expensive than cotton or rayon, although prices are dropping.

In clothing, you’ll find lyocell in number of styles and finishes. Some lyocell clothing looks like denim material, while others approximate the look of suede, usually called moleskin or peach skin. Lyocell can also be made to look like wool, cotton, rayon or poly/silk blends. Garments made of lyocell can be more expensive than other manufactured fabrics such as rayon, not only because of manufacturing, but because only one company distributes the fabric in the US.

Those who enjoy lyocell say the extra expense is worth it. The fabric is extremely durable, and is perfect for vacationing. It tends not to wrinkle and many forms of it are easy care, and can be machine-washed. Most do require drip-drying, but as improvements in lyocell continue, no doubt manufacturers will attempt to address this issue.

* How to wash normal Disperse printed materials by discontinue system?

1) Cold rinsing : 25C for 10 min, 1 gr/L Caustic Soda

2) Cold rinsing : 25C for 10 min, 1 gr/L Caustic Soda

3) Cold rinsing : 25C for 10 min


4) Reduction Washing at 80C for 25 min

5 g/L Caustic Soda
3 g/L Reduktan AN
2 g/L Setalan DFT New


5)Hot Rinsing at 70 C

6)Cold Rinsing and Neutralization

* How to wash Disperse Black prints on white ground by discountinue system?

1) Cold rinsing : 25C for 5 min, 1 gr/L Caustic Soda

2) Cold rinsing : 25C for 5 min, 1 gr/L Caustic Soda

3) Cold rinsing : 25C for 5 min

4) Cold rinsing : 25C for 5 min

5) Reduction Washing at 80C for 25 min

5 g/L Caustic Soda
3 g/L Reduktan AN
2 g/L Setalan DFT New

6) Reduction Washing at 80C for 25 min

6 g/L Caustic Soda
4 g/L Reduktan AN
3 g/L Setalan DFT New


7)Hot Rinsing at 70 C

8)Cold Rinsing and Neutralization

* How to apply a resin finish after drying to block fibrillation in domestic wash on Modal or Viscouse materials?

SETAPERT ECO NEW - 55 g/L Free formaldehyde resin DMDHEU include Catalyst. (Optionally some other products in the market are low formaldehyde (Okotexstandard 100, 75 ppm HCHQ)).

16 g/L (30%) Catalyst e.g. Magnesium chloride hexahydrate (this should be add if resin does not include catalyst).

1 g/L Acetic acid (optional) pH 5-6

SETASIL 64 - max 10 g/L softener eg cationic one or microsilicone

use of following softeners additionally is also usefull

SETAFEN PEN - 20 -30 g/L Polyethylene softener- increases abrasion resistance
SETAFLEX VKC - 20 -30 g/l Polyurethane softerier (non.ionic) - decreases pilling

Drying at 130°C
+
Curing: 165-170°C (air temperature), 45-60 seconds
or
Shock curing

* Good and Economical mix Basic Black for Acrylic dyeing

Generally you can dye with the Setacryl Black FDL but at the same time, you can use following receipe:

% 0.50 Setacryl Golden Yellow GL
% 0.22 Basic Magenta B
% 0.550 Setacryl Green ML

* What the requirements are and what machine manufacturing are offering?

The catalog of modern, up-to-date dyestuffs and dyeing and finishing equipment offers a blend of modern technology and chemistry. Major requirements are as follows:

• reduced water consumption;
• varying load capacity;
• time savings;
• comparable economy and ecology;
• highly optimized rinsing processes;
• controller units;
• downstream processing advantages;
• wet finishing process;
• economical finishing; and
• monitoring and controlling.

* Quality, economic efficiency and, more and more

Quality, economic efficiency and, more and more, ecological methods are the prerequisites for up-to-date production in the dyehouse. Color shade and depth must be attainable, and there should be adequate levelness and accurate fastness properties. Appropriate mechanical and chemical processing is necessary to suit customer requirements as well as to create the required fabric hand and surface characteristics.

Economical and ecological efficiency involves minimization of costs and maximum profit as well as reproducible quality with minimal environmental damage. Therefore, process optimization is a must to fulfill all parameters and requirements for right-first-time production. Western wet-finishing costs are more and more apparent in various Asian countries as well, and can be divided into the following approximate cost proportions:
• 42-percent labor;
• 29-percent dyestuffs and chemicals;
• 6-percent water;
• 12-percent energy;
• 6-percent environment and safety measures; and
• 5-percent maintenance.

* What are the particle sizes of Setas Kimya Pigments?

All Blue Pigments :0,08 micron
All Green Pigments :0,08 micron
All Violet Pigments :0,08 micron
All Yellow Pigments :0,32-0,35 micron
All Orange Pigments :0,30-0,35 micron
All Red Pigments :0,32-0,38 micron
All Black :0,08 micron

* The role of sequestering agents in reactive dyeing

Is the use of a sequestering agent required when dyeing with reactive dyes?

When the water of the dyebath contains metallic ions, there is the danger that uneven dyeing, such as specking, or reduction of the concentration of the dye will be caused by the dyestuff's coagulation and reduced solubility. Aside from in the water, metallic ions can also be introduced by impurities in Glauber's salt or common salt, so even when soft water is used in the dyeing, the presence of metallic ions can lead to problems. In Japan, the water quality is generally very good and the chemicals used contain very few impurities, so sequestering agents are often not used. Overseas, however, the use of sequestering agents is very important.
In the past, traditional thinking has been that "if the chromophore of a dyestuff is a metallic complex salt, then sequestering agents should not be used." Recently, however, it has been ascertained that sequestering agents added to the dyebath have practically no effect on the metal in the chromophore of the dye.
Sequestering agents effective in neutral to alkaline conditions are preferable, and agents combining the effects of sequestering agents with those of anionic surfactants and marketed for use with reactive dyes are now being developed.

* The importance of surfactants in reactive dyeing

The standard recipes for reactive dyestuffs given in the examples provided by dyestuff manufacturers often do not include the addition of surfactants such as dyebath lubricants. Doe this mean that they are not required?
In the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes, because hydrophilic fibers are dyed with water-soluble dyestuffs, the dyeing itself does not require the use of surfactants. However, in the dyeing of cloth, it is difficult to spread the cloth out in the dyebath, and so it is often dyed in rope-form, but because it is sometimes difficult to circulate the liquid over the cloth, rope marks can easily form. The use of a dyebath lubricant is recommended as a method for dealing with this problem. The use of cold and warm dyeing dyestuffs when the temperature of the dyeing is below 55°C means the fiber is dyed while it is in a hard state, making a dyebath lubricant especially important for improving the quality of the dyeing. When dyeing is conducted at a temperature above 60°C with warm and hot dyeing reactive dyestuffs, however, the fiber itself softens and spreads easily, so the use of a dyebath lubricant is not as important.
However, when the solubility of a reactive dyestuff is reduced due to factors such as association, the use of a surface-active dyebath lubricant can result in a dispersion effect. Furthermore, when a small amount of wax still remains on the substrate due to insufficient scouring, the use of a dyebath lubricant can promote the permeation of the dye liquid. Thus to lower the degree of risk in dyeing, the use of an appropriate dyebath lubricant is recommended.

* The role of alkali in reactive dyeing

When dyeing with reactive dyestuffs, soda ash is often used as the alkali in dyestuff manufacturers' recipes. Recently, however, a synthetic alkali has appeared. What is the role of alkalis in reactive dyeing and what should be considered when choosing one?

In the dyeing of cellulose with reactive dyes, alkali is necessary because it acts as a catalyst in the reaction between the dyestuff and the fiber. The important point is not the type or amount of alkali but rather the pH of the dyebath, which must be closely supervised.
The most suitable pH for dyeing varies with the temperature, being approx. 11.5 for common warm dyeing (dyeing at approx. 60°C), 10-11 for hot dyeing (80°C) and 12.5 for cold dyeing (40°C). The relationship between temperature and the optimum pH is shown in the following graph.

Soda ash is often used because 20g/l usually produces a pH of around 11.5. However, it can be used with sodium phosphate or caustic soda when a higher pH is required, or with sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) when a lower pH is required. Caustic soda is not often used because it is a strong alkali and achieving a pH in the range of 10-12 is difficult. Nothing prevents it from being used, however, if the pH can be adjusted accurately with automatic equipment.
Recently introduced alkaline agents specifically for use with reactive dyes adjust the pH of the dyebath to a level suitable for dyeing with reactive dyestuffs and are easy to use because they come in liquid form, but the alkaline agent to be used should be chosen in consideration of the optimum pH for the temperature at which the dyestuff is to be used. The pH of the first bath is often checked to determine the pH for the dyeing, but attention should be paid to the pH after dyeing because if alkali is not added in sufficient quantity, the pH at the conclusion of dyeing may be considerably lower.

* How to wash printed Polyamide fabrics?

1. 2.0 g/L Setafix ANF (10 min. cold rinsing)
2. 1.0 g/L Setafix ANF (10 min. cold rinsing)
3. 10 min. cold rinsing
4. 1.0 g/L Setalan PM-8 at 30C, 10 min.
5. 1.0 g/L Setalan PM-8 at 40C, 10 min.
6. 1.0 g/L Setalan PM-8 at 40C, 10 min.
7. 2.0 g/L Setafix ANF at 50C, 20 min.
8. %2 Setafix ANF, pH:5.0 with Acetic Acid at 50C, 20 min.
9. Rinsing at 30C

Pre - treatment of Modal fabrics?

Viscose and Modal fibers are supplied in the pure state and with an incomparably higher degree of whiteness than cotton. Bleaching processes are, therefore, only required for completely white products (reduced quantities of chemicals) or pastel shades.
While tending to be unaffected by the usual chemical concentrations, viscose and Modal fibers react rapidly and intensely on coming into contact with alkali. Both fiber types are capable of being activated by a lye concentration of 4.5% (7°Bé) to such an extent that a distinctly higher dye absorption results.

While a concentration of 4.5% NaOH (7°Bé) represents the upper limit as far as viscose fibers are concerned, Modal fibers can, leaving aside the critical range of 7% to 15% NaOH, be treated with mercerizing lye of 17% to 22% (24–28°Bé). For bleaching products the temperature should not be allowed to exceed 180°C, e.g. heat-setting of blends with PES. Prior to thermal reaction, the fibers must be generally free of alkali residues.

Pre - treatment receipe for white products:

Setabicol BAC :6 g/L

Setalub ACA :1 g/L

Hydrojen Peroxide (50%) :4 g/L

Temperature : 90 - 98°C

Time : 45 - 60 min.


Note: Creases can occure if material is wet and wait. Centrifugal machine should not be used at any stage and it must be dried immediately after all wet processes.

* How to dye Black polyester at 98C?

% 0.20 Setapers Orange H-3R

% 6.00 Setapers Black CE-RN

3 g/L Setacarrier HT, dyeing at 98C for 60 min.

* How to strip Turquoise dyed cotton material?

15,00 g/L Hydrosulphate
6,00 - 7,00 g/L Caustic Soda
3 g/L Setalan IW

95C, 20 - 30 minutes.

Note: Please make a trial in laboratory before application in the bulk.

* What are Exhaustion curves of Setazol Yellow 3RS, Red 3BS and Blue BRF? What are important fastness properties of Setazol Blue BRF?

- Three dyes has very close Exhaustion curves and therfore this combination obtain level dyeing with good reproducability,

- Setazol Blue BRF has high light fastness in 1/1 depth is (6),

- Setazol Blue BRF has lower Chlorinated Water (3) and Gas fastnesses (3).

* If requirement for shrinkage of Viscose knitted fabric is less than 5%?

a) If requirement for shrinkage of Viscose knitted fabric is less than 5%, it should be used a Free Steam dryer instead of normal stenter. After free steam dryer, material should be sanforazed in a sanforization machine.

b) Material should be in the Process as following;

- Weak Cold Caustification (it can help for better size stabilisation and less creasing of the fabric)
- Dyeing,
- Open width free steam dryer,
- Sanforization.

* How to strip Setasil 64?

The test must be carried out firstly in laboratory conditions in order to see change of the color.

There are 3 alternatives;

1. 12 g/L Setalan OSK - N + 8 g/L Caustic Soda 48 Be, 98 C de, 48 min.

2. 10 g/L Setawash L400 + 10 g/L Soda Ash, 98 C de, 48 min.

3. 6 g/L Setalan OSK - N + 4 g/L Caustic 48 Be, 98 C de, 48 min.

* How to wash HT Machine effectivly?

1. Guide Fabric :It can be an old and un – useful 100% PES fabric. It has to be used because to run in the machine and collect dirties to itself.

2. Machine :Machine have to be full filled by 2/3 water.

3. Chemicals :

3 – 4 g/L SETALAN OSK – N - It is using to remove olygomers.
5 – 6 g/L Hydrosulphite or 2–3 g/L Reduktan AN - Reduction Agent
10 g/L Caustic Soda - To have necessary Alkali condition.
2 – 3 g/L Setawash BNH - It is for creating foam. Foam have to be used for penetration of the chemicals to all parts in the machine.
2 g/L Setacarrier HT - Its for migration of the dyes from one place to other place.

5. Temp. :at 135C, 45 min - 1 hour.

4. Drain :After finish the washing, water have to be drain as hot as possible.